The whole purpose is to direct the water into the gutters.
Incorrect drip edge gutter installation.
A gutter apron is used where shingles are not far enough from the edge of the gutter.
For proper water drainage the drip edge on the rakes should always overlap the drip edge on the eaves.
There are two reasons for water getting behind the gutter.
The best practice is to always install the drip edge so that it is inside the gutter.
If there s a drip edge installed where the fascia meets your shingles and the gutter is hung below the drip edge get some roll flashing and tuck it up under the drip edge and over the top of the gutter.
The guttering should run a few inches lower than your roofline.
Gutters that are too high can enable runoff water to drip down their back side which in turn can cause deteriorating fascia boards and stains on siding.
On the eave side of a house such as this i install a 3 x3 piece of flashing to slide the gutter under.
Make sure the drip edge coming from the shingle is bending against the fascia board because when it rains it s going.
Use tin snips to cut the gutter apron flashing roll in two 3 in.
It is put under the shingles of an attic to flow water directly into the gutter.
This works out correctly if you do the eaves first.
It should never be installed outside the gutter i e against the fascia board.
One of the reasons is that your shingles may be too short.
Home centers sell rolls of 6 in.
A gutter apron is installed on the corners above roof decking.
While on the other hand a drip edge is installed to the trim and usually hangs directly behind the back of the gutter.
With what you have there you d probably be better to install a strip of metal under the drip edge and over the gutter.
Not an uncommon problem.
Not sure if there s a name for it but i call it drip check.